Overview 

A medical procedure of removing cells or tissue from the body is a biopsy. The cells or tissues are examined under a microscope to check for damage, infection, or other tests. Other tests may also be performed on the parts. 

Biopsies can be performed on any body part. A biopsy is the only procedure that can confirm if a suspected area is cancer in most circumstances. However, biopsies are performed for various other reasons too. 

There are several types of biopsies. For instance, a needle biopsy takes out tissue with a needle passed through the skin to the site of the issue. There are other kinds of biopsies that may require surgery. 

Why is it performed? 

Biopsies are usually carried out to recognize cancerous tissue, but they can also test for other health issues. For instance: 

• Liver biopsies can diagnose hepatitis C, cirrhosis, and
• Kidney biopsies can examine the kidney's condition for kidney failure or
• Nerve biopsies can review nerve damage or inflammatory nerve
• Muscle biopsies can diagnose defects of the muscles and diseases of blood vessels and connective
• Skin biopsies can examine skin 

How is a biopsy done? 

Biopsies are done in many kinds of ways depending on where the cell or tissue sample is taken: 

Skin biopsies

• Shave biopsy: This biopsy uses a razor to remove(scrape) little samples of cells on the surface of the This procedure is often used to collect growth of skin, sore or mole.
• Punch biopsy: This procedure uses a special device to punch a hole into the skin to eliminate all or most of a lesion deep in the
• Excisional or incisional biopsies: These skin biopsies remove all (excisional) or some parts of a lesion (incisional) to test or treat it. This procedure uses a scalpel to perform the 

Other biopsy types:

• Needle biopsy: Needle used to gather tissue is inserted through the skin and is sometimes guided by a CT scan or ultrasound. Fine-needle aspiration is attached to a This method is used to remove a small tissue sample from a tumor or fluid. For removing larger tissue samples, a core needle biopsy is used. This method is frequently used to check breast biopsies.
• Endoscopic or laparoscopic biopsy: These biopsies use an endoscope or laparoscope to see inside the A small cut is made in the skin with both of these methods, and an instrument is inserted.
• Excisional or incisional biopsy: For these open biopsies, a cut is made into the body and the entire tumor is removed (excisional biopsy), or a part of the tumor is removed (incisional biopsy) to test or treat
• Perioperative biopsy: This biopsy is done while another procedure is The tissue will be removed and tested right after. Results will come in soon after the procedure, so if treatment is required, it can start immediately.
• Bone marrow biopsy: This procedure is performed to get a closeup look at the blood and rule out specific bone marrow disorders or 

Risks or complications of biopsy: 

• Bleeding
• Infection
• Scarring 

Recovery 

Biopsies are usually straightforward, outpatient procedures. A tissue sample taken from an internal organ may require a general anesthetic. In this case, one must stay in the hospital overnight to recover from the drug. 

After having a biopsy, it is not usually painful. But if a tissue sample is taken from a major organ, one may feel a slight ache or discomfort. The healthcare provider might recommend some painkillers to relieve the pain. Then one needs to rest a lot and ensure the doctors there's no internal bleeding. 

If an incision is needed to remove a tissue sample, one may need stitches to close the wound or apply a dressing. 

Biopsy rarely causes severe bleeding, but one may need to have an operation or a blood transfusion if it does.

Women who have had tissue samples taken from their reproductive systems may experience temporary bleeding. For treatment of cramping, one may be asked to use painkillers. 

Fact Check:

• Typically, the average biopsy test in India ranges from INR 4000 to INR 5000. The result will be given within 2 to 3 days after the biopsy, a maximum of 7 to 10
• The sample size and location matter for
• The time required for the biopsy results will vary depending on the complexity of the situation.
• Pathologists ensure biopsy tissue is utilized effectively to determine an accurate diagnosis.
• Biopsy samples are safely and securely stored to help manage future
• While performing a biopsy, pathologists seek multiple opinions, and patients can,